The GitLab Triage Project doesn’t directly support performing an action on any scoped label without having to list all label scopes in the condition. This issue can be worked around by using the ruby condition and checking if any label exists that matches /^<label>::.+$/ as shown below.

resource_rules:
  issues:
    rules:
      - name: Action for any severity label scope
        conditions:
          ruby: |
                        resource[:labels].grep(/^severity::.+$/).any?